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51.
气象要素与蒸发密切相关,通过室内外不同气象条件下的器皿水蒸发实验,获得了水面蒸发氢氧稳定同位素分馏因子与气象要素的关系。实验结果表明,随着蒸发的进行,剩余水体中逐渐富集重同位素;自由水体蒸发同位素分馏在垂线上有分层现象,表层水体同位素值比垂线平均的同位素值略富集;不同温度条件下的室内蒸发实验中,温度越高,液-气间分馏系数越小,相应于同一剩余水体体积比,剩余水体稳定同位素值则越低。室外器皿水自由蒸发实验中得出的蒸发线方程斜率较大地偏离了当地降水线,表明实验期间水体蒸发分馏作用较明显。该研究为进一步揭示水体蒸发分馏规律提供了可靠的实验依据。 相似文献
52.
长江流域河水和悬浮物的锂同位素地球化学研究 总被引:9,自引:1,他引:8
深入理解流域侵蚀过程中的锂同位素分馏对于运用锂同位素来示踪化学循环和气候变化是十分必要的。研究集中在长江干流和主要支流的水体和悬浮物的锂及锂同位素组成。长江流域水体的锂及锂同位素组成(δ7Li)分别为150~4 570 nmol/L和+7.6‰~+28.1‰,两者沿上游至下游的变化趋势相反。悬浮物锂同位素组成(δ7Li)变化比较稳定,分别为41~92 μg/g和-4.7‰~+0.7‰,而且总是低于相应水体的锂同位素组成。悬浮物和流体之间的锂同位素分馏系数在0.977和0.992之间,与悬浮物的量及组成存在明显相关性,反映了粘土矿物的吸附和化学风化的程度。锂含量与锂同位素组成之间良好的负相关性表明流域水体的锂来自2个端元混合:其一可能是蒸发盐岩,并伴有深部热泉水;其二可能是硅酸岩。 相似文献
53.
康定杂岩Rb-Sr、Sm-Nd同位素系统及其意义 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
通过对康定—冕宁地区出露的英云闪长岩、黑云角闪斜长片麻岩、角闪变粒岩全岩及其中所分离出的角闪石、黑云母、斜长石、钾长石的Rb-Sr、Sm-Nd同位素的系统测定,结合岩石的锆石U-Pb年龄结果,确定这些变质杂岩由于经历了复杂的形成过程与变质历史,Rb-Sr、Sm-Nd同位素体系难以确定其结晶年龄。由单矿物与全岩Rb-Sr、Sm-Nd体系拟合的~700 M a的等时线年龄反映了角闪岩相-高角闪岩相的变质作用年龄。Sm-Nd同位素体系由于在变质作用过程中的部分开放性,很容易给出无意义的较老的混合年龄。康定杂岩结晶后并没有经历麻粒岩相变质作用,区域上所含的麻粒岩透镜体可能是新元古代(773~721 M a)期间由Rod in ia超大陆裂解产生的新生洋壳向扬子克拉通陆块俯冲消减过程的变质产物。俯冲到一定深度后,由于板片被拉断,软流圈上涌导致变质洋壳板片岩石、先前底侵变质的镁铁质岩石及扬子陆块长英质基底岩石发生部分熔融,以镁铁质岩石熔融产生的熔浆为主(>70%),与长英质基底岩石熔融产生的熔浆混合形成w(Na2O)/w(K2O)>1的TTG组合。 相似文献
54.
通过对塔东地区古城4井上寒武统和中、上奥陶统碳酸盐岩围岩及充填物的碳、氧、锶同位素地球化学和流体包裹体成分的对比研究表明,充填于中、上奥陶统和上寒武统的流体分属于2个不同来源的流体体系。充填于中、上奥陶统灰岩裂缝中方解石脉的w(87Sr)/w(86Sr)介于0.7084~0.7088,它与早奥陶世海水的w(87Sr)/w(86Sr)相近;流体体系为CH4-H2O体系;充填物与围岩间具有明显的碳、氧同位素差异,表明上部流体体系中的流体来自于奥陶系地层本身。上寒武统白云岩裂缝中方解石脉的w(87Sr)/w(86Sr)为0.7138,明显地高于同时代海水的锶同位素值;流体体系为CO2-H2O体系;下部流体体系中的流体为外来富锶流体。上、下流体体系间互不连通暗示着上寒武统地层具有相对较好的保存条件。 相似文献
55.
Central Fujian Rift is another new and important volcanogenic massive sulfide Pb-Zn polymetallic metallogenetic belt. In order to find out the material genesis and mineralization period of Meixian-type Pb-Zn-Ag deposits, S and Pb isotope analysis and isotope geochronology of ores and wall rocks for five major deposits are discussed. It is concluded that the composition of sulfur isotope from sulfide ore vary slightly in different deposits and the mean value is close to zero with the 834S ranging from -3.5‰ to +5.6‰ averaging at +2.0‰, which indicates that the sulfur might originate from magma or possibly erupted directly from volcano or was leached from ore-hosted volcanic rock. The lead from ores in most deposits displays radioactive genesis character (206pb/204pb〉18.140, 207Pb/204pb〉15.584, 208pb/204pb〉38.569) and lead isotope values of ores are higher than those of wall rocks, which indicates that the lead was likely leached from the ore-hosted volcanic rocks. Based on isotope data, two significant Pb-Zn metallogenesis are delineated, which are Mid- and Late-Proterozoic sedimentary exhalative metailogenesis (The single zircon U-Pb, Sm-Nd isochronal and Ar-Ar dating ages of ore- hosted wall rocks are calculated to be among 933-1788 Ma.) and Yanshanian magmatic hydrothermal superimposed and alternated metallogenesis (intrusive SHRIMP zircon U-Pb and Rb-Sr isochronal ages between 127-154 Ma). 相似文献
56.
B.P. Chernyago A.I. Nepomnyashchikh G.I. Kalinovskii 《Russian Geology and Geophysics》2008,49(12):971-977
Relations between indoor and soil gas radon were experimentally studied in villages of the Baikal region. On the basis of the obtained data, the soil-to-indoor radon ratio was calculated, which can be used for prediction of radon pollution in buildings of the same kind. 相似文献
57.
58.
镭同位素示踪隆教湾的海底地下水排泄 总被引:10,自引:0,他引:10
福建省漳州市隆教湾海水中镭同位素的研究,目的是评价海底地下水排泄量。在2007年6月的航次中,垂直于岸线的9km剖面上布置15个站位,每个站位用潜水泵采集表层海水样60L于塑料桶中。水样运回实验室后,立即用装有锰纤维的PVC管以虹吸的方式富集水样中的镭同位素,水通过PVC管的流速小于300ml/min。224Ra活度用连续射气法测定,测完224Ra后密封7d以上,然后用直接射气法测定226Ra活度。224Ra和226Ra活度都呈现自岸向海逐渐降低的规律,表明扩散控制镭同位素的分布,由224Ra获得68.83km2d-1的扩散系数,同时226Ra形成-0.963dpm100l-1km-1的活度梯度。用扩散系数和活度梯度建立的226Ra的离岸通量为6.62×1011dpmkm-2d-1,这个通量一定是得到SGD输入的镭支持,从而获得隆教湾的海底地下水排泄量是3.03×109m3km-2d-1。该排泄量包括陆源地下淡水排泄量和再循环海水排泄量,绝大部分可能是再循环海水,有待进一步研究。 相似文献
59.
60.
Elisa Sacchi Gian Maria Zuppi Luca Pizzino Fedora Quattrocchi Salvatore Lombardi 《Aquatic Geochemistry》2008,14(4):301-319
The EC funded Geochemical Seismic Zonation program (EEC GSZ Project 1996–1998) chose Sardinia as a low-seismicity site, in which the relationships between fluid geochemistry and seismo-tectonics
had to be investigated and results compared with outcomes from other selected high-seismicity sites. A first article, examining
the role of fault segmentation and seismic quiescence on the geochemical composition of groundwaters and gases, has already
been presented (Angelone et al. 2005). This article deals with environmental isotopes which, together with selected hydrochemical data, give hints on tectonically-related
fluid circulations. Four water-dominated hydrothermal systems were considered, all located along regional fault systems and
discharging groundwaters belonging to the Na–HCO3 and Na–Cl facies. In the considered systems, groundwater circulation takes place, principally, in the Palaeozoic Crystalline
Basement (PCB), with the exception of the Logudoro system, where hydrological circuits develop in the Mesozoic Carbonate Platform
(MCP). The high CO2 contents, the non-attainment of fluid-rock equilibrium and the large lithological variability prevent the construction of
a unique hydrogeological–geochemical conceptual model. In this case, stable isotopes provide a useful tool to describe the
origin of fluids and their subterranean movements. Stable isotopes of water, integrated with hydrochemical data, indicate
that fluids are derived from three main end members. The dominant component is a relatively recent local meteoric water; the
second one is marine water; and the third one is a fossil freshwater, depleted in heavy isotopes with respect to modern rains.
The latter end member entered the aquifer system in the past, when climatic conditions were greatly different from today.
At least two circulation systems can be recognised, namely a shallow cold system and a deep hydrothermal system, as well as
two distinct hydrological processes: (1) gravity-controlled descent of cold water towards greater depths and (2) convection
linked to a thermal gradient, causing deep fluids to rise up from the hydrothermal reservoir towards the surface. The highly
variable δ13CTDIC values suggest the presence of two distinct CO2 sources, namely, a biogenic one and a thermogenic one. The relation between the isotopic compositions of CO2 and He indicates an increased mantle signature in uprising CO2-rich fluids. 相似文献